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--- esib_iot_challenge [2017/05/17 09:11] – created samer
+++ esib_iot_challenge [2017/05/17 16:17] – [2. Backend] samer
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 ====== ESIB IoT Challenge ======
-Starting from September 2016, Saint-Joseph University of Beirut (USJ) will be deploying the first academic [[http://www.semtech.com/wireless-rf/internet-of-things/what_is_lora.html | LoRa]] network in Lebanon. The network will support monitoring of micro-climate conditions in vineyards. Here below you can find a detailed description of the experimental platform implementing an end-to-end LoRaWAN solution. The platform consists of the following elements:
+Welcome to the ESIB IoT Challenge. In this challenge, you will be designing and prototyping the first IoT services based on a LoRaWAN network.
+===== -. Platform =====
+During this challenge, you will benefit from the first experimental platform implementing an end-to-end LoRaWAN solution in Lebanon. The platform consists of the following elements:
   * Devices that communicate to one or more gateways via a wireless interface using single hop LoRa and implementing the LoRaWAN protocol. These devices are physically connected to sensors that generate data.
@@ Line 9: / Line 13: @@
 [{{ :lora-pilot-architecture.png?direct&650 | Figure 1. Architecture of the LoRaWAN Platform}}]
-===== -. Devices =====
-==== -. Autonomo with LoRaBee ====
-Starting with the devices in the LoRaWAN platform, we will use an [[http://support.sodaq.com/sodaq-one/autonomо/|Autonomo]] board with a LoRaBee Microchip RN2483 module. According to [[http://shop.sodaq.com]], Autonomo is a matchbox-sized powerhouse which uses the new Atmel Cortex M0+ 32bit micro controller. One advantage of such device is that it can be powered by a smartphone-sized solar panel.
+<WRAP left help 100%>
+  * Where is the LoRa modulation implemented on the platform?
+  * What are the advantages of the LoRa modulation?
+  * How LoRa is compatible with LPWAN requirements and constraints?
+  * What is LoRaWAN? What is the difference between LoRaWAN and LoRa?
+  * Illustrate the protocol stacks on the LoRaWAN platform (you can refer to the contents of this presentation https://speakerdeck.com/iotusj/end-to-end-lorawan-platform).
+  * What elements are IP enabled in the platform? What do you think about IP support in IoT?
+</WRAP>
+===== -. Backend =====
+In LoRaWAN, the devices communicate to a backend Loraserver through the gateway. The backend implements the network server functions and provides frame control and security. It has a web interface for configuring the applications and devices on the platform (https://212.98.XX.XX:8080).
-In order to configure the Autonomo with LoRaBee device, you should follow these steps:
+[{{ :app-loraserver.png?direct&400 | Figure 5. Loraserver web interface}}]
-    - Verify that you have the latest Arduino IDE from [[https://www.arduino.cc/en/Main/Software]] on your computer.
+Start by choosing the application named ''NTRE-1617''. Then create a new node by providing the following information:
-    - Install the board files as noted in [[http://support.sodaq.com/sodaq-one/autonomо/getting-started-autonomo/]].
+  * A unique node name: ''NTRE-GX''
-    - Add the following library {{ :sodaq_rn2483_2.zip |}} to your Arduino IDE as explained in [[https://www.arduino.cc/en/guide/libraries]].
+  * The node description
+  * A unique device EUI on 64 bits: Random identifiers can be generated on [[https://www.random.org/bytes/]]
+  * The application EUI on 64 bits: ''0badde1cafe2deca''.
+  * A unique application key on 128 bits also obtained by random generation.
+  * In advanced network settings, choose the receive window RX2.
-Now you are ready to write a sketch for the device. Here is one example sketch {{ :test-lorawan-combined-loraserver-example.zip |}} where the autonomo is connected to three sensors: light, moisture, and temperature. Let us analyse some extracts of the code.
+Make sure that the ''ABP activation'' button is unchecked, in order to enable OTAA join method.
-In this part, you should put the keys for Over-The-Air Activation (OTAA) as explained in the {{ :lorawan102-20161012_1398_1.pdf |LoRaWAN specification}}:
+<WRAP left help 100%>
-<code c++>
+  * What does the application EUI mean? How is it used in LoRaWAN?
-// USE YOUR OWN KEYS!
+  * What does the application key mean? How is it used in LoRaWAN security?
-const uint8_t devEUI[8] =
+  * Compare the two join methods used in LoRaWAN by giving the advantages and inconvenients.
-{ };
+  * What is the difference between the two receive windows in LoRaWAN? What are they used for?
+</WRAP>
+===== -. Devices =====
-// USE YOUR OWN KEYS!
+Devices in the LoRaWAN platform are implemented on Arduino boards with Dragino shields. The combined module as well as the basic configuration steps are presented in [[simple_lora_prototype|Simple Prototype of LoRa Communications]].
-const uint8_t appEUI[8] =
-{ };
-const uint8_t appKey[16] =
+Start by verifying the installation on your PC of the latest Arduino IDE and place the Arduino LMIC library in the corresponding folder.
-{ };
-</code>
-The pins for connecting the sensors are specified in these declarations (A0 for light sensor, A2 for moisture sensor, and D0 temperature sensor):
-<code c++>
-int light_pin = A0;
-int moisture_pin = A2;
-int temperature_pin = 0;
-int temperature_vcc_pin = 1;
-int moisture_vcc_pin = 8;
-int moisture_gnd_pin = 7;
-</code>
-The OTAA method is used for joining the network and Adaptive Data Rate (ADR) is activated:
+<WRAP left round help 100%>
-<code c++>
+  * Give the characteristics of the Arduino you are using: number of pins, type of pins, memory sizes, etc.
-LoRaBee.initOTA(loraSerial, devEUI, appEUI, appKey, true)
+  * Give the main characteristics of the LoRa shield from Dragino (www.dragino.com).
-</code>
+  * What type of Antenna are you using? Explain the corresponding characteristics.
+</WRAP>
-Eight different sub channels are activated with data rate ranges from 0 to 5:
-<code c++>
-LoRaBee.configChFreq(0, 868100000L,0,5,1);
-LoRaBee.configChFreq(1, 868300000L,0,5,1);
-LoRaBee.configChFreq(2, 868500000L,0,5,1);
-LoRaBee.configChFreq(3, 867100000L,0,5,1);
-LoRaBee.configChFreq(4, 867300000L,0,5,1);
-LoRaBee.configChFreq(5, 867500000L,0,5,1);
-LoRaBee.configChFreq(6, 867700000L,0,5,1);
-LoRaBee.configChFreq(7, 867900000L,0,5,1);
-</code>
-Finally, the message containing the sensor values is sent in an unconfirmed uplink message:
+Download the example sketch, open it with Arduino IDE and compile it.
-<code c++>
-LoRaBee.send(1, (uint8_t*)message.c_str(), message.length())
+You can download the following sketch {{ :test-loraserver-comb-loraserver-dragino.zip |}} and modify it according to your preferences. Below you can find somme commented extracts of the sketch.
-</code>
-==== -. Arduino with Dragino Shield ====
-=== -. Periodic Message Sending ===
-Devices in the LoRaWAN platform can also be implemented on Arduino boards with Dragino shields. The combined module as well as the basic configuration steps are presented in [[simple_lora_prototype|Simple Prototype of LoRa Communications]]. Similarly to the Autonomo device, you can download the following sketch {{ :test-loraserver-comb-loraserver-dragino.zip |}} and modify it according to your preferences. Below you can find somme commented extracts of the sketch.
+Verify that you have the latest Arduino IDE from https://www.arduino.cc/en/Main/Software on your computer.
+Install the board files as noted in http://support.sodaq.com/sodaq-one/autonomо/getting-started-autonomo/.
+Add the following library sodaq_rn2483_2.zip to your Arduino IDE as explained in https://www.arduino.cc/en/guide/libraries.
+In order to program the LoRaWAN devices, you should verify the installation one your PC of the following software:
+  * Arduino IDE
+  * LMIC Library
+  *
 The pin mapping corresponds to the Dragino electronic schematic:
 <code c++>
@@ Line 102: / Line 99: @@
 </code>
-The message containing the sensor values is transmitted on one of the radio channels (as in the Autonomo case):
+The message containing the sensor values is transmitted on one of the radio channels:
 <code c++>
 LMIC_setTxData2(1, (uint8_t*) buffer, message.length() , 0);
-</code>
-The adaptive data rate is not supported, and the spreading factor is configured as follows:
-<code c++>
-LMIC_setDrTxpow(DR_SF7,14);
 </code>
@@ Line 115: / Line 107: @@
 You can also find another example of sketch to download: {{ :test-loraserver-moisture-on-move.ino.zip |}}. Here the message sending is not periodic but related to an event. For example, an infrared sensor detects a movement and triggers a signal for the device to send a LoRaWAN message. Note also that the join method used in this second sketch is Activation by Personalisation (ABP): the device address, the network session key, and the application session key are directly configured on the device.
-===== -. Gateways =====
-==== -. Single Channel Gateway ====
-The single channel gateway includes a LoRa transmission module (Dragino Shield) connected to a Raspberry Pi (2 or 3) as shown in Figure 2. Communication between the two modules is done over an SPI interface.
+<WRAP center help 100%>
+  * OTAA
-[{{ :2017-01-04_11.34.54.jpg?direct&300 |Figure 2. LoRa single channel gateway}}]
+  * ID
+  * Security
-In order to assemble the gateway, start by making the wire connections: the connection pins are identified in Figures 3 and 4.
+</WRAP>
-[{{ :schema-single-channel-pi3.png?direct&300 |Figure 3. Dragino pin mapping}}]
-[{{ :schema-pins-pi3.png?direct&300 |Figure 4. Raspberry pi 3 pins}}]
-Connect the Raspberry Pi to the Internet and install the packet forwarding software. The source code of the single channel packet forwarder is available on: [[https://github.com/samerlahoud/single_chan_pkt_fwd]]. In order to install it, you need to:
-  * Enable SPI on the Raspberry Pi using raspi-config
-  * Download and unzip the source code:
-<code bash>
-wget https://github.com/hallard/single_chan_pkt_fwd/archive/master.zip
-unzip master.zip
-</code>
-  * Install the wiring library:
-<code bash>
-apt-get update
-apt-get install wiring
-</code>
-Compile the packet forwarder:
-<code bash>
-make all
-</code>
-For gcc version 4.6.3, a compilation error results in the following warning ''unrecognized command line option '-std=c++11'''. Replace ''-std=c++11'' by ''-std=c++0x'' in the Makefile and recompile:
-<code>
-CFLAGS = -std=c++0x -c -Wall -I include/
-</code>
-Now, you need to configure the single channel packet forwarder. This is done in the {{ :global_config.json.zip |}} configuration file. Particularly, you need to choose the channel, the spreading factor, the pins for SPI communication, and the address of the backend server. Note that you can specify multiple backends for testing purposes.
-Finally, you can run the packet forwarder as root!
-<code bash>
-nohup ./single_chan_pkt_fwd &
-</code>
-==== -. Kerlink IoT Station ====
-<code>
-# activates eth0 at startup
-ETHERNET=yes
-# claims dhcp request on eth0
-ETHDHCP=yes
-# Selector operator APN
-GPRSAPN=gprs.touch.com.lb
-# Enter pin code if activated
-GPRSPIN=0000
-# Update /etc/resolv.conf to get dns facilities
-GPRSDNS=yes
-# PAP authentication
-GPRSUSER=
-GPRSPASSWORD=
-# Bearers priority order
-#BEARERS_PRIORITY="eth0,ppp0,eth1"
-BEARERS_PRIORITY="ppp0,eth0,eth1"
-</code>
-<code>
-./gps-pkt-fwd.sh > /dev/null &
-</code>
-<code>
-root      2548 S    /bin/sh ./gps-pkt-fwd.sh
-root     34908 S    ./gps_pkt_fwd
-</code>
-<code>
-/etc/init.d/gprs start
-[root@Wirgrid_0b03008c demo_gps_loramote]# /etc/init.d/gprs  status
-pppd (pid 5273) is running...
-Session: Rx=58, Tx=163
-Globals: Rx=1130457, Tx=1195592
-Sum:     Rx=1130515, Tx=1195755
-[root@Wirgrid_0b03008c demo_gps_loramote]#
-</code>
-===== -. Backend =====
-==== -. Loraserver ====
-The Loraserver has a web interface for configuring the applications and devices on the platform. Full details for installing the software are provided on [[https://www.loraserver.io]].
-[{{ :app-loraserver.png?direct&400 | Figure 5. Loraserver web interface}}]
-Start by creating and application as in Figure 5. Then create a node in this application and provide the following information:
-  * A unique node name
-  * The node description
-  * A unique device EUI on 64 bits: Random identifiers can be generated on [[https://www.random.org/bytes/]]
-  * The application EUI on 64 bits: this can be a common identifier for all nodes using the same application.
-  * A unique application key on 128 bits
-In order to enable OTAA join method, you have to make sure that the ''ABP activation'' button is unchecked.
-==== -. The Things Network ====
 ===== -. Applications =====
-==== -. mqtt-spy ====
 mqtt-spy is an open source utility intended to help you with monitoring activity on MQTT topics. It has been designed to deal with high volumes of messages, as well as occasional publications. mqtt-spy is a JavaFX application, so it should work on any operating system with an appropriate version of Java 8 installed. A very useful tutorial is available on [[https://github.com/eclipse/paho.mqtt-spy/wiki]].
 You can use mqtt-spy to debug the messages received from the LoRaWAN devices. For this, you should download the software tool from [[https://github.com/eclipse/paho.mqtt-spy/wiki]]. After starting the application, configure a new connection to the MQTT broker by simply adding the IP address of the broker in the ''Server URI'' field. Now you can subscribe to any MQTT topic. If you want to receive all messages arriving at the backend, you can use the generic topic ''#''. You can also limit to the topic including the messages of any specific device: ''application/APPLICATION_ID/node/DEVICE_EUI/rx''.
-==== -. Emoncms ====